Dmitry
781 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
781 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
---
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status: seed
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type: concept
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tags: []
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created: 2025-12-17
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updated: 2026-05-21
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title: Подготовка Speaking
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---
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# Подготовка Speaking
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## Unit 7 - Law
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![[Pasted image 20260521131304.png|500]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132031.png|500]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132047.png|500]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132101.png|500]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132116.png|500]]
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### 1. Should people sue companies for damages?
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> Стоит ли людям подавать в суд на компании за ущерб?
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#### Темы для развития
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- responsibility of companies vs responsibility of consumers;
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- fair compensation vs exaggerated lawsuits.
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#### Примеры
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- hot coffee burns;
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- computer virus destroyed files.
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---
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### 2. Are lawsuits in the USA excessive?
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> Судебных исков в США слишком много?
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#### Темы для развития
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- lawsuits protect people;
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- lawsuits damage businesses and economy.
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#### Примеры
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- huge compensation payments;
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- expensive legal system.
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---
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### 3. Consumer rights and protection
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> Права и защита потребителей
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#### Темы для развития
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- companies must guarantee safety;
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- customers should be more careful themselves.
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#### Примеры
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- unhealthy food;
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- dangerous products;
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- misleading advertising.
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---
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### 4. Privacy and medical ethics
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> Приватность и медицинская этика
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#### Темы для развития
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- hospitals need patient permission;
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- advertising vs privacy rights.
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#### Примеры
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- hospital commercial with a real patient.
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---
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### 5. Negotiating rent and apartment conditions
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> Переговоры об аренде квартиры и условиях
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#### Темы для развития
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- negotiating the price;
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- discussing rules and responsibilities.
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#### Примеры
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- deposit;
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- utilities;
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- pets and guests.
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---
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### 6. Business contract negotiation
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> Переговоры по бизнес-контракту
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#### Темы для развития
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- reducing prices;
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- long-term cooperation and larger orders.
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#### Примеры
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- supplier and customer;
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- discounts and contract conditions.
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---
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### 7. Bargaining culture
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> Культура торга
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#### Темы для развития
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- where bargaining is acceptable;
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- bargaining as useful or uncomfortable.
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#### Примеры
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- markets;
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- cars;
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- online marketplaces.
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---
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### 8. Corporate responsibility
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> Ответственность компаний
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#### Темы для развития
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- companies should pay for mistakes;
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- too much pressure on businesses.
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#### Примеры
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- unsafe products;
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- legal costs;
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- lawsuits against corporations.
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---
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### 9. Fair compensation
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> Справедливая компенсация
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#### Темы для развития
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- how much money victims should receive;
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- emotional damage vs real financial loss.
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#### Примеры
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- burns;
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- privacy violation;
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- damaged files.
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---
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### 10. Solving conflicts: court or negotiation?
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> Решение конфликтов: суд или переговоры?
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#### Темы для развития
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- court as the last solution;
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- negotiation and compromise are better.
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#### Примеры
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- business disagreements;
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- customer complaints;
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- rental conflicts.
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---
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## Unit 8 - Brands
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![[Pasted image 20260521132848.png|500]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132836.png|500]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132907.png|500]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132917.png|500]]
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### 1. How can a company recover after bad publicity?
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> Как компания может восстановиться после плохой репутации?
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#### Темы для развития
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- strong leadership and marketing;
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- improving product quality and public image.
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#### Примеры
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- Gucci brand recovery;
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- rebranding and advertising campaigns.
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---
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### 2. Why do luxury brands become successful?
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> Почему люксовые бренды становятся успешными?
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#### Темы для развития
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- quality and exclusivity;
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- reputation and celebrity influence.
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#### Примеры
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- Gucci;
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- fashion industry;
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- luxury products.
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---
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### 3. Should people stop buying from unethical companies?
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> Нужно ли переставать покупать товары неэтичных компаний?
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#### Темы для развития
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- child labour and sweatshops;
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- separating product quality from company ethics.
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#### Возможные позиции
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- consumers should boycott such brands;
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- one person cannot change global business.
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---
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### 4. Brand image and reputation
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> Имидж и репутация бренда
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#### Темы для развития
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- importance of public opinion;
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- social media influence on reputation.
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#### Примеры
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- scandals;
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- bad publicity;
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- customer trust.
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---
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### 5. Leadership in business success
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> Роль лидерства в успехе бизнеса
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#### Темы для развития
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- strong managers save companies;
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- innovation and vision are important.
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#### Примеры
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- Tom Ford;
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- Domenico De Sole;
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- Gucci transformation.
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---
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### 6. Difficult people at work
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> Трудные люди на работе
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#### Темы для развития
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- conflict resolution;
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- communication strategies.
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#### Примеры
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- aggressive coworkers;
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- lazy teammates;
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- controlling managers.
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---
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### 7. How to deal with difficult personalities
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> Как справляться со сложными типами личности
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#### Темы для развития
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- staying calm and professional;
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- compromise vs confrontation.
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#### Возможные personality types
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- rude people;
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- passive-aggressive people;
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- overconfident colleagues.
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---
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### 8. Workplace communication
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> Общение на работе
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#### Темы для развития
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- formal vs informal communication;
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- importance of teamwork.
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#### Примеры
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- office conflicts;
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- misunderstandings;
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- multicultural teams.
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---
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### 9. Interpersonal relationships at work
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> Межличностные отношения на работе
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#### Темы для развития
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- friendship with coworkers;
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- professional boundaries.
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#### Возможные позиции
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- close relationships improve teamwork;
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- too much informality causes problems.
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---
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### 10. Cultural differences in business communication
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> Культурные различия в деловом общении
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#### Темы для развития
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- formal cultures vs informal cultures;
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- misunderstandings in international companies.
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#### Примеры
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- socializing after work;
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- hierarchy in companies;
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- communication styles.
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---
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### 11. The importance of reputation in business
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> Важность репутации в бизнесе
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#### Темы для развития
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- reputation affects sales;
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- rebuilding trust takes time.
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#### Примеры
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- scandals;
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- public criticism;
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- customer loyalty.
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---
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### 12. Advertising and brand image
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> Реклама и имидж бренда
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#### Темы для развития
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- advertising creates prestige;
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- marketing can manipulate consumers.
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#### Примеры
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- luxury advertising;
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- fashion campaigns;
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- celebrity endorsements.
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---
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### 13. Solving workplace conflicts
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> Решение конфликтов на работе
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#### Темы для развития
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- negotiation and compromise;
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- direct discussion vs avoiding conflict.
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#### Примеры
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- disagreements with coworkers;
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- communication problems in teams.
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---
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## Unit 9 - Investments
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![[Pasted image 20260521133319.png|500]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521133332.png|500]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521133344.png|500]]![[Pasted image 20260521133824.png|500]]![[Pasted image 20260521133832.png|500]]
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### 1. What kind of investor are you?
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> Какой ты тип инвестора?
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#### Темы для развития
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- risky vs safe investments;
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- long-term vs short-term strategy.
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#### Примеры
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- bonds;
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- blue-chip shares;
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- high-tech companies;
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- startups.
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---
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### 2. Is taking financial risks good or dangerous?
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> Финансовый риск — это хорошо или опасно?
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#### Темы для развития
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- high risk can bring high returns;
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- too much risk leads to losses.
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#### Возможные позиции
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- careful investing is smarter;
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- without risk there is no success.
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---
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### 3. Which famous investor would you like to be?
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> На какого известного инвестора ты хотел(а) бы быть похож(а)?
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#### Темы для развития
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- Buffett's careful strategy;
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- Livermore's aggressive trading;
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- Paul Allen's innovative investments.
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#### Примеры
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- patience;
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- market analysis;
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- risky decisions.
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---
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### 4. Why do investors make irrational decisions?
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> Почему инвесторы принимают иррациональные решения?
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#### Темы для развития
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- emotions influence decisions;
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- people fear losses more than risks.
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#### Примеры
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- panic selling;
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- overconfidence;
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- following trends.
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---
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### 5. Human psychology and finance
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> Психология человека и финансы
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#### Темы для развития
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- intuition vs data;
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- emotional investing vs logical investing.
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#### Примеры
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- first impressions;
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- regret after bad decisions;
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- fear during crises.
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### 6. Ethical investment
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> Этичные инвестиции
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#### Темы для развития
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- investing only in responsible companies;
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- profit vs ethics.
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#### Примеры
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- sustainable companies;
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- environmental responsibility;
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- social impact.
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### 7. Creating an ethical investment fund
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> Создание фонда этичных инвестиций
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#### Темы для развития
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- how to choose ethical companies;
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- marketing and managing the fund.
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#### Примеры
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- hiring fund managers;
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- meeting journalists;
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- evaluating companies.
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---
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### 8. Should companies focus only on profit?
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> Должны ли компании думать только о прибыли?
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#### Темы для развития
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- money is the main goal of business;
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- social responsibility is also important.
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#### Примеры
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- employee conditions;
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- product quality;
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- environmental issues.
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### 9. Status and society
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> Статус и общество
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#### Темы для развития
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- success measured by wealth;
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- success measured by quality of life and ethics.
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#### Возможные позиции
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- rich people are respected more;
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- social contribution matters more than money.
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### 10. Investment strategies
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> Инвестиционные стратегии
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#### Темы для развития
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- buy-and-hold strategy;
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- active trading and speculation.
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#### Примеры
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- Warren Buffett;
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- stock market trading;
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- diversification.
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---
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### 11. Why do businesses fail financially?
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> Почему компании терпят финансовые неудачи?
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#### Темы для развития
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- poor management;
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- excessive risk-taking.
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#### Примеры
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- Barings Bank collapse;
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- falsified accounts;
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- bad leadership.
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---
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### 12. The importance of patience in investing
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> Важность терпения в инвестициях
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#### Темы для развития
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- long-term investing is safer;
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- people want quick profits too much.
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#### Примеры
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- Warren Buffett;
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- market crashes;
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- gradual growth.
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---
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### 13. Finance and morality
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> Финансы и мораль
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#### Темы для развития
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- ethical limits in business;
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- responsibility of investors and corporations.
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#### Примеры
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- sustainable investing;
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- exploitation of workers;
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- environmental damage.
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---
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## Unit 10 - Energy
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![[Pasted image 20260521134207.png|500]]![[Pasted image 20260521134228.png|500]]![[Pasted image 20260521134238.png|500]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521134256.png|500]]
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### 1. How can people save energy?
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> Как люди могут экономить энергию?
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#### Темы для развития
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- changing everyday habits;
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- technology and energy efficiency.
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#### Примеры
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- public transport;
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- recycling;
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- reducing heating;
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- turning appliances off.
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---
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### 2. Energy crisis and the future
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> Энергетический кризис и будущее
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#### Темы для развития
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- growing energy demand;
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- shortage of oil and gas.
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#### Примеры
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- rising fuel prices;
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- increasing number of cars;
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- global energy consumption.
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---
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### 3. Will the world run out of oil?
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> Закончится ли в мире нефть?
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#### Темы для развития
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- alternative energy sources;
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- dependence on fossil fuels.
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#### Возможные позиции
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- technology will solve the problem;
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- society is too dependent on oil.
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---
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### 4. Renewable energy vs fossil fuels
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> Возобновляемая энергия против ископаемого топлива
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#### Темы для развития
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- environmental benefits;
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- economic difficulties of transition.
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#### Примеры
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- solar power;
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- wind energy;
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- oil industry.
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---
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### 5. How will energy developments affect people?
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> Как изменения в энергетике повлияют на людей?
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#### Темы для развития
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- higher prices and lifestyle changes;
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- cleaner technologies and better environment.
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#### Примеры
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- electric cars;
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- public transport;
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- energy-saving homes.
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---
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### 6. Environmental responsibility
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> Экологическая ответственность
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#### Темы для развития
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- individual responsibility;
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- government and corporate responsibility.
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#### Примеры
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- recycling;
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- reducing pollution;
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- saving electricity.
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---
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### 7. Everyday ways to reduce pollution
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> Повседневные способы уменьшить загрязнение
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#### Темы для развития
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- simple personal actions;
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- whether small actions really help.
|
|
|
|
#### Примеры
|
|
- shorter showers;
|
|
- less car use;
|
|
- energy-efficient lighting.
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
### 8. Approaches to solving problems
|
|
|
|
> Подходы к решению проблем
|
|
|
|
#### Темы для развития
|
|
- strict rules vs flexible solutions;
|
|
- culture influences decision-making.
|
|
|
|
#### Возможные позиции
|
|
- rules are more important;
|
|
- relationships and context matter more.
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
### 9. Cultural differences in problem-solving
|
|
|
|
> Культурные различия в решении проблем
|
|
|
|
#### Темы для развития
|
|
- universalist cultures;
|
|
- particularist cultures.
|
|
|
|
#### Примеры
|
|
- following rules;
|
|
- adapting to situations;
|
|
- importance of personal relationships.
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
### 10. How should managers solve workplace problems?
|
|
|
|
> Как менеджеры должны решать проблемы на работе?
|
|
|
|
#### Темы для развития
|
|
- communication and teamwork;
|
|
- fast decisions vs careful analysis.
|
|
|
|
#### Примеры
|
|
- employee mistakes;
|
|
- technical problems;
|
|
- project delays.
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
### 11. The future of transportation and energy
|
|
|
|
> Будущее транспорта и энергетики
|
|
|
|
#### Темы для развития
|
|
- electric vehicles;
|
|
- reducing car dependence.
|
|
|
|
#### Примеры
|
|
- public transport;
|
|
- fuel prices;
|
|
- environmental impact.
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
### 12. Is modern society too dependent on energy?
|
|
|
|
> Современное общество слишком зависит от энергии?
|
|
|
|
#### Темы для развития
|
|
- technology cannot function without energy;
|
|
- society should reduce consumption.
|
|
|
|
#### Примеры
|
|
- transportation;
|
|
- electronics;
|
|
- industry.
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
### 13. Climate change and energy consumption
|
|
|
|
> Изменение климата и потребление энергии
|
|
|
|
#### Темы для развития
|
|
- fossil fuels accelerate global warming;
|
|
- economic growth increases energy demand.
|
|
|
|
#### Примеры
|
|
- pollution;
|
|
- rising temperatures;
|
|
- industrial growth.
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
## Полезные обороты
|
|
|
|
### Согласие
|
|
- I agree to some extent.
|
|
- That's a good point.
|
|
- I understand your opinion.
|
|
|
|
### Несогласие
|
|
- I'm not sure I agree.
|
|
- I see it differently.
|
|
- That may be true, but…
|
|
|
|
### Выигрыш времени
|
|
- Let me think about that.
|
|
- It depends on the situation.
|
|
- In my opinion…
|
|
|
|
### Для развития разговора
|
|
- What do you think?
|
|
- Can you give an example?
|
|
- Why do you think so?
|
|
- Would that really work?
|