feat(moex): источник MOEX — справочник инструментов и дневные цены

ISS без ключа: история по доске, текущие котировки, метаданные бумаг. Облигации
приходят в процентах от номинала, поэтому price_daily хранит и price_pct как
опубликовано, и close как денежную величину, плюс НКД рядом.

backend/tests/sources/test_moex.py

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+"""MOEX ISS parsing: the column-order and percent-of-nominal traps."""
+
+from datetime import date
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+import httpx
+import pytest
+import respx
+
+from fintracker.sources.moex.client import LastPrice, MoexClient, _rows
+from fintracker.sources.moex.sync import _secid_candidates
+
+ISS = "https://iss.moex.com/iss"
+
+
+def block(name: str, columns: list[str], data: list[list]) -> dict:
+    return {name: {"columns": columns, "data": data}}
+
+
+def test_rows_zips_columns_by_name():
+    """Reading by position is what lets a column-order change slide prices into volumes."""
+    payload = block("history", ["TRADEDATE", "CLOSE"], [["2026-09-17", 275.18]])
+    assert _rows(payload, "history") == [{"TRADEDATE": "2026-09-17", "CLOSE": 275.18}]
+
+
+def test_rows_on_a_missing_block_is_empty_not_an_error():
+    assert _rows({}, "history") == []
+
+
+@respx.mock
+async def test_share_history_uses_the_settlement_price():
+    """LEGALCLOSEPRICE survives an illiquid day better than CLOSE, so it wins."""
+    respx.get(url__startswith=f"{ISS}/history").mock(
+        return_value=httpx.Response(
+            200,
+            json=block(
+                "history",
+                ["TRADEDATE", "CLOSE", "LEGALCLOSEPRICE", "CURRENCYID"],
+                [["2026-09-17", 275.18, 274.90, "SUR"]],
+            ),
+        )
+    )
+    async with MoexClient() as moex:
+        candles = await moex.history(
+            "SBER",
+            engine="stock",
+            market="shares",
+            board="TQBR",
+            since=date(2026, 9, 17),
+            until=date(2026, 9, 17),
+        )
+
+    assert candles[0].close == Decimal("274.90")
+    assert candles[0].price_pct is None
+    assert candles[0].currency == "RUB"  # ISS says SUR; the system speaks ISO
+
+
+@respx.mock
+async def test_bond_history_resolves_percent_of_nominal_into_money():
+    """A bond quoted at 98.396 of a 1000 nominal is worth 983.96, not 98.4."""
+    respx.get(url__startswith=f"{ISS}/history").mock(
+        return_value=httpx.Response(
+            200,
+            json=block(
+                "history",
+                ["TRADEDATE", "LEGALCLOSEPRICE", "FACEVALUE", "ACCINT", "CURRENCYID"],
+                [["2026-09-17", 98.396, 1000, 9.6, "SUR"]],
+            ),
+        )
+    )
+    async with MoexClient() as moex:
+        candles = await moex.history(
+            "SU26207RMFS9",
+            engine="stock",
+            market="bonds",
+            board="TQOB",
+            since=date(2026, 9, 17),
+            until=date(2026, 9, 17),
+        )
+
+    candle = candles[0]
+    assert candle.close == Decimal("983.960")
+    assert candle.price_pct == Decimal("98.396")  # the quote as published, kept
+    assert candle.accrued_interest == Decimal("9.6")
+
+
+@respx.mock
+async def test_history_follows_pagination():
+    """ISS caps a page at 100 rows; stopping there would silently truncate the history."""
+    first = [[f"2026-01-{d:02d}", 10 + d] for d in range(1, 31)] * 4  # 120 rows
+    respx.get(url__startswith=f"{ISS}/history").mock(
+        side_effect=[
+            httpx.Response(200, json=block("history", ["TRADEDATE", "CLOSE"], first[:100])),
+            httpx.Response(200, json=block("history", ["TRADEDATE", "CLOSE"], first[100:])),
+        ]
+    )
+    async with MoexClient() as moex:
+        candles = await moex.history(
+            "SBER",
+            engine="stock",
+            market="shares",
+            board="TQBR",
+            since=date(2026, 1, 1),
+            until=date(2026, 1, 31),
+        )
+
+    assert len(candles) == 120
+
+
+def test_last_price_of_a_bond_needs_a_nominal_to_become_money():
+    quote = LastPrice(value=Decimal("98.439"), is_percent_of_nominal=True)
+
+    assert quote.in_money(Decimal(1000)) == Decimal("984.39")
+    # no nominal: unknowable, and a percent must never be passed off as roubles
+    assert quote.in_money(None) is None
+
+
+def test_last_price_of_a_share_is_already_money():
+    assert LastPrice(value=Decimal("275.65"), is_percent_of_nominal=False).in_money(
+        None
+    ) == Decimal("275.65")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("ticker", "expected"),
+    [("TBRU@", ["TBRU@", "TBRU"]), ("SBER", ["SBER"])],
+)
+def test_tinvest_ticker_suffix_is_stripped_as_a_fallback(ticker, expected):
+    """T-Invest writes TBRU@ for its own line; MOEX lists it plain."""
+    assert _secid_candidates(ticker) == expected