vault backup: 2026-05-21 13:47:53
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|||||||
---
|
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||||||
status: seed
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status: seed
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||||||
type: concept
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type: concept
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||||||
tags: []
|
tags: []
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||||||
created: 2025-12-17
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created: 2025-12-17
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||||||
updated: 2026-05-21
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updated: 2026-05-21
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||||||
title: Подготовка Speaking
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title: Подготовка Speaking
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||||||
---
|
|
||||||
|
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||||||
# Подготовка Speaking
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# Подготовка Speaking
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||||||
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||||||
@@ -15,6 +13,7 @@ title: Подготовка Speaking
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|||||||
![[Pasted image 20260521132047.png]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132047.png]]
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||||||
![[Pasted image 20260521132101.png]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132101.png]]
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||||||
![[Pasted image 20260521132116.png]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132116.png]]
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||||||
|
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||||||
### 1. Should people sue companies for damages?
|
### 1. Should people sue companies for damages?
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|
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||||||
> Стоит ли людям подавать в суд на компании за ущерб?
|
> Стоит ли людям подавать в суд на компании за ущерб?
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||||||
@@ -22,394 +21,355 @@ title: Подготовка Speaking
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|||||||
#### Темы для развития
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- responsibility of companies vs responsibility of consumers;
|
- responsibility of companies vs responsibility of consumers;
|
||||||
- fair compensation vs exaggerated lawsuits.
|
- fair compensation vs exaggerated lawsuits.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
- hot coffee burns;
|
- hot coffee burns;
|
||||||
- computer virus destroyed files.
|
- computer virus destroyed files.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 2. Are lawsuits in the USA excessive?
|
### 2. Are lawsuits in the USA excessive?
|
||||||
|
|
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> Судебных исков в США слишком много?
|
> Судебных исков в США слишком много?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Темы для развития
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- lawsuits protect people;
|
- lawsuits protect people;
|
||||||
- lawsuits damage businesses and economy.
|
- lawsuits damage businesses and economy.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- huge compensation payments;
|
- huge compensation payments;
|
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- expensive legal system.
|
- expensive legal system.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 3. Consumer rights and protection
|
### 3. Consumer rights and protection
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> Права и защита потребителей
|
> Права и защита потребителей
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- companies must guarantee safety;
|
- companies must guarantee safety;
|
||||||
- customers should be more careful themselves.
|
- customers should be more careful themselves.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- unhealthy food;
|
- unhealthy food;
|
||||||
- dangerous products;
|
- dangerous products;
|
||||||
- misleading advertising.
|
- misleading advertising.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 4. Privacy and medical ethics
|
### 4. Privacy and medical ethics
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Приватность и медицинская этика
|
> Приватность и медицинская этика
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- hospitals need patient permission;
|
- hospitals need patient permission;
|
||||||
- advertising vs privacy rights.
|
- advertising vs privacy rights.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- hospital commercial with a real patient.
|
- hospital commercial with a real patient.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 5. Negotiating rent and apartment conditions
|
### 5. Negotiating rent and apartment conditions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Переговоры об аренде квартиры и условиях
|
> Переговоры об аренде квартиры и условиях
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- negotiating the price;
|
- negotiating the price;
|
||||||
- discussing rules and responsibilities.
|
- discussing rules and responsibilities.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- deposit;
|
- deposit;
|
||||||
- utilities;
|
- utilities;
|
||||||
- pets and guests.
|
- pets and guests.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 6. Business contract negotiation
|
### 6. Business contract negotiation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Переговоры по бизнес-контракту
|
> Переговоры по бизнес-контракту
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- reducing prices;
|
- reducing prices;
|
||||||
- long-term cooperation and larger orders.
|
- long-term cooperation and larger orders.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- supplier and customer;
|
- supplier and customer;
|
||||||
- discounts and contract conditions.
|
- discounts and contract conditions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 7. Bargaining culture
|
### 7. Bargaining culture
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Культура торга
|
> Культура торга
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- where bargaining is acceptable;
|
- where bargaining is acceptable;
|
||||||
- bargaining as useful or uncomfortable.
|
- bargaining as useful or uncomfortable.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- markets;
|
- markets;
|
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- cars;
|
- cars;
|
||||||
- online marketplaces.
|
- online marketplaces.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 8. Corporate responsibility
|
### 8. Corporate responsibility
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Ответственность компаний
|
> Ответственность компаний
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- companies should pay for mistakes;
|
- companies should pay for mistakes;
|
||||||
- too much pressure on businesses.
|
- too much pressure on businesses.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- unsafe products;
|
- unsafe products;
|
||||||
- legal costs;
|
- legal costs;
|
||||||
- lawsuits against corporations.
|
- lawsuits against corporations.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 9. Fair compensation
|
### 9. Fair compensation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Справедливая компенсация
|
> Справедливая компенсация
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- how much money victims should receive;
|
- how much money victims should receive;
|
||||||
- emotional damage vs real financial loss.
|
- emotional damage vs real financial loss.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- burns;
|
- burns;
|
||||||
- privacy violation;
|
- privacy violation;
|
||||||
- damaged files.
|
- damaged files.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 10. Solving conflicts: court or negotiation?
|
### 10. Solving conflicts: court or negotiation?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Решение конфликтов: суд или переговоры?
|
> Решение конфликтов: суд или переговоры?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- court as the last solution;
|
- court as the last solution;
|
||||||
- negotiation and compromise are better.
|
- negotiation and compromise are better.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- business disagreements;
|
- business disagreements;
|
||||||
- customer complaints;
|
- customer complaints;
|
||||||
- rental conflicts.
|
- rental conflicts.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Unit 8 - Brands
|
## Unit 8 - Brands
|
||||||
![[Pasted image 20260521132848.png]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132848.png]]
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||||||
![[Pasted image 20260521132836.png]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132836.png]]
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||||||
![[Pasted image 20260521132907.png]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132907.png]]
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||||||
![[Pasted image 20260521132917.png]]
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![[Pasted image 20260521132917.png]]
|
||||||
## 1. How can a company recover after bad publicity?
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Как компания может восстановиться после плохой репутации?
|
### 1. How can a company recover after bad publicity?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
> Как компания может восстановиться после плохой репутации?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- strong leadership and marketing;
|
- strong leadership and marketing;
|
||||||
- improving product quality and public image.
|
- improving product quality and public image.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Gucci brand recovery;
|
- Gucci brand recovery;
|
||||||
- rebranding and advertising campaigns.
|
- rebranding and advertising campaigns.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 2. Why do luxury brands become successful?
|
### 2. Why do luxury brands become successful?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Почему люксовые бренды становятся успешными?
|
> Почему люксовые бренды становятся успешными?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- quality and exclusivity;
|
- quality and exclusivity;
|
||||||
- reputation and celebrity influence.
|
- reputation and celebrity influence.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Gucci;
|
- Gucci;
|
||||||
- fashion industry;
|
- fashion industry;
|
||||||
- luxury products.
|
- luxury products.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 3. Should people stop buying from unethical companies?
|
### 3. Should people stop buying from unethical companies?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Нужно ли переставать покупать товары неэтичных компаний?
|
> Нужно ли переставать покупать товары неэтичных компаний?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- child labour and sweatshops;
|
- child labour and sweatshops;
|
||||||
- separating product quality from company ethics.
|
- separating product quality from company ethics.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Возможные позиции
|
#### Возможные позиции
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- consumers should boycott such brands;
|
- consumers should boycott such brands;
|
||||||
- one person cannot change global business.
|
- one person cannot change global business.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 4. Brand image and reputation
|
### 4. Brand image and reputation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Имидж и репутация бренда
|
> Имидж и репутация бренда
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- importance of public opinion;
|
- importance of public opinion;
|
||||||
- social media influence on reputation.
|
- social media influence on reputation.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- scandals;
|
- scandals;
|
||||||
- bad publicity;
|
- bad publicity;
|
||||||
- customer trust.
|
- customer trust.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 5. Leadership in business success
|
### 5. Leadership in business success
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Роль лидерства в успехе бизнеса
|
> Роль лидерства в успехе бизнеса
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- strong managers save companies;
|
- strong managers save companies;
|
||||||
- innovation and vision are important.
|
- innovation and vision are important.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Tom Ford;
|
- Tom Ford;
|
||||||
- Domenico De Sole;
|
- Domenico De Sole;
|
||||||
- Gucci transformation.
|
- Gucci transformation.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 6. Difficult people at work
|
### 6. Difficult people at work
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> Трудные люди на работе
|
> Трудные люди на работе
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- conflict resolution;
|
- conflict resolution;
|
||||||
- communication strategies.
|
- communication strategies.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- aggressive coworkers;
|
- aggressive coworkers;
|
||||||
- lazy teammates;
|
- lazy teammates;
|
||||||
- controlling managers.
|
- controlling managers.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 7. How to deal with difficult personalities
|
### 7. How to deal with difficult personalities
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> Как справляться со сложными типами личности
|
> Как справляться со сложными типами личности
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- staying calm and professional;
|
- staying calm and professional;
|
||||||
- compromise vs confrontation.
|
- compromise vs confrontation.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Возможные personality types
|
#### Возможные personality types
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- rude people;
|
- rude people;
|
||||||
- passive-aggressive people;
|
- passive-aggressive people;
|
||||||
- overconfident colleagues.
|
- overconfident colleagues.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 8. Workplace communication
|
### 8. Workplace communication
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> Общение на работе
|
> Общение на работе
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- formal vs informal communication;
|
- formal vs informal communication;
|
||||||
- importance of teamwork.
|
- importance of teamwork.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- office conflicts;
|
- office conflicts;
|
||||||
- misunderstandings;
|
- misunderstandings;
|
||||||
- multicultural teams.
|
- multicultural teams.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 9. Interpersonal relationships at work
|
### 9. Interpersonal relationships at work
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> Межличностные отношения на работе
|
> Межличностные отношения на работе
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- friendship with coworkers;
|
- friendship with coworkers;
|
||||||
- professional boundaries.
|
- professional boundaries.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Возможные позиции
|
#### Возможные позиции
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- close relationships improve teamwork;
|
- close relationships improve teamwork;
|
||||||
- too much informality causes problems.
|
- too much informality causes problems.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 10. Cultural differences in business communication
|
### 10. Cultural differences in business communication
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> Культурные различия в деловом общении
|
> Культурные различия в деловом общении
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- formal cultures vs informal cultures;
|
- formal cultures vs informal cultures;
|
||||||
- misunderstandings in international companies.
|
- misunderstandings in international companies.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- socializing after work;
|
- socializing after work;
|
||||||
- hierarchy in companies;
|
- hierarchy in companies;
|
||||||
- communication styles.
|
- communication styles.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 11. The importance of reputation in business
|
### 11. The importance of reputation in business
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> Важность репутации в бизнесе
|
> Важность репутации в бизнесе
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- reputation affects sales;
|
- reputation affects sales;
|
||||||
- rebuilding trust takes time.
|
- rebuilding trust takes time.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- scandals;
|
- scandals;
|
||||||
- public criticism;
|
- public criticism;
|
||||||
- customer loyalty.
|
- customer loyalty.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 12. Advertising and brand image
|
### 12. Advertising and brand image
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> Реклама и имидж бренда
|
> Реклама и имидж бренда
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- advertising creates prestige;
|
- advertising creates prestige;
|
||||||
- marketing can manipulate consumers.
|
- marketing can manipulate consumers.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- luxury advertising;
|
- luxury advertising;
|
||||||
- fashion campaigns;
|
- fashion campaigns;
|
||||||
- celebrity endorsements.
|
- celebrity endorsements.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 13. Solving workplace conflicts
|
### 13. Solving workplace conflicts
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> Решение конфликтов на работе
|
> Решение конфликтов на работе
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- negotiation and compromise;
|
- negotiation and compromise;
|
||||||
- direct discussion vs avoiding conflict.
|
- direct discussion vs avoiding conflict.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- disagreements with coworkers;
|
- disagreements with coworkers;
|
||||||
- communication problems in teams.
|
- communication problems in teams.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Unit 9 - Investments
|
## Unit 9 - Investments
|
||||||
![[Pasted image 20260521133319.png]]
|
![[Pasted image 20260521133319.png]]
|
||||||
![[Pasted image 20260521133332.png]]
|
![[Pasted image 20260521133332.png]]
|
||||||
![[Pasted image 20260521133344.png]]![[Pasted image 20260521133824.png]]![[Pasted image 20260521133832.png]]
|
![[Pasted image 20260521133344.png]]![[Pasted image 20260521133824.png]]![[Pasted image 20260521133832.png]]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 1. What kind of investor are you?
|
### 1. What kind of investor are you?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Какой ты тип инвестора?
|
> Какой ты тип инвестора?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- risky vs safe investments;
|
- risky vs safe investments;
|
||||||
- long-term vs short-term strategy.
|
- long-term vs short-term strategy.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- bonds;
|
- bonds;
|
||||||
- blue-chip shares;
|
- blue-chip shares;
|
||||||
- high-tech companies;
|
- high-tech companies;
|
||||||
@@ -417,232 +377,402 @@ title: Подготовка Speaking
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 2. Is taking financial risks good or dangerous?
|
### 2. Is taking financial risks good or dangerous?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Финансовый риск — это хорошо или опасно?
|
> Финансовый риск — это хорошо или опасно?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- high risk can bring high returns;
|
- high risk can bring high returns;
|
||||||
- too much risk leads to losses.
|
- too much risk leads to losses.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Возможные позиции
|
#### Возможные позиции
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- careful investing is smarter;
|
- careful investing is smarter;
|
||||||
- without risk there is no success.
|
- without risk there is no success.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 3. Which famous investor would you like to be?
|
### 3. Which famous investor would you like to be?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### На какого известного инвестора ты хотел(а) бы быть похож(а)?
|
> На какого известного инвестора ты хотел(а) бы быть похож(а)?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- Buffett's careful strategy;
|
- Buffett's careful strategy;
|
||||||
- Livermore's aggressive trading;
|
- Livermore's aggressive trading;
|
||||||
- Paul Allen's innovative investments.
|
- Paul Allen's innovative investments.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- patience;
|
- patience;
|
||||||
- market analysis;
|
- market analysis;
|
||||||
- risky decisions.
|
- risky decisions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 4. Why do investors make irrational decisions?
|
### 4. Why do investors make irrational decisions?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Почему инвесторы принимают иррациональные решения?
|
> Почему инвесторы принимают иррациональные решения?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- emotions influence decisions;
|
- emotions influence decisions;
|
||||||
- people fear losses more than risks.
|
- people fear losses more than risks.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- panic selling;
|
- panic selling;
|
||||||
- overconfidence;
|
- overconfidence;
|
||||||
- following trends.
|
- following trends.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 5. Human psychology and finance
|
### 5. Human psychology and finance
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Психология человека и финансы
|
> Психология человека и финансы
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- intuition vs data;
|
- intuition vs data;
|
||||||
- emotional investing vs logical investing.
|
- emotional investing vs logical investing.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- first impressions;
|
- first impressions;
|
||||||
- regret after bad decisions;
|
- regret after bad decisions;
|
||||||
- fear during crises.
|
- fear during crises.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 6. Ethical investment
|
### 6. Ethical investment
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Этичные инвестиции
|
> Этичные инвестиции
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- investing only in responsible companies;
|
- investing only in responsible companies;
|
||||||
- profit vs ethics.
|
- profit vs ethics.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- sustainable companies;
|
- sustainable companies;
|
||||||
- environmental responsibility;
|
- environmental responsibility;
|
||||||
- social impact.
|
- social impact.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 7. Creating an ethical investment fund
|
### 7. Creating an ethical investment fund
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Создание фонда этичных инвестиций
|
> Создание фонда этичных инвестиций
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- how to choose ethical companies;
|
- how to choose ethical companies;
|
||||||
- marketing and managing the fund.
|
- marketing and managing the fund.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- hiring fund managers;
|
- hiring fund managers;
|
||||||
- meeting journalists;
|
- meeting journalists;
|
||||||
- evaluating companies.
|
- evaluating companies.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 8. Should companies focus only on profit?
|
### 8. Should companies focus only on profit?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Должны ли компании думать только о прибыли?
|
> Должны ли компании думать только о прибыли?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- money is the main goal of business;
|
- money is the main goal of business;
|
||||||
- social responsibility is also important.
|
- social responsibility is also important.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- employee conditions;
|
- employee conditions;
|
||||||
- product quality;
|
- product quality;
|
||||||
- environmental issues.
|
- environmental issues.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 9. Status and society
|
### 9. Status and society
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Статус и общество
|
> Статус и общество
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- success measured by wealth;
|
- success measured by wealth;
|
||||||
- success measured by quality of life and ethics.
|
- success measured by quality of life and ethics.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Возможные позиции
|
#### Возможные позиции
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- rich people are respected more;
|
- rich people are respected more;
|
||||||
- social contribution matters more than money.
|
- social contribution matters more than money.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 10. Investment strategies
|
### 10. Investment strategies
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Инвестиционные стратегии
|
> Инвестиционные стратегии
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- buy-and-hold strategy;
|
- buy-and-hold strategy;
|
||||||
- active trading and speculation.
|
- active trading and speculation.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Warren Buffett;
|
- Warren Buffett;
|
||||||
- stock market trading;
|
- stock market trading;
|
||||||
- diversification.
|
- diversification.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 11. Why do businesses fail financially?
|
### 11. Why do businesses fail financially?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Почему компании терпят финансовые неудачи?
|
> Почему компании терпят финансовые неудачи?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- poor management;
|
- poor management;
|
||||||
- excessive risk-taking.
|
- excessive risk-taking.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Barings Bank collapse;
|
- Barings Bank collapse;
|
||||||
- falsified accounts;
|
- falsified accounts;
|
||||||
- bad leadership.
|
- bad leadership.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 12. The importance of patience in investing
|
### 12. The importance of patience in investing
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Важность терпения в инвестициях
|
> Важность терпения в инвестициях
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- long-term investing is safer;
|
- long-term investing is safer;
|
||||||
- people want quick profits too much.
|
- people want quick profits too much.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Warren Buffett;
|
- Warren Buffett;
|
||||||
- market crashes;
|
- market crashes;
|
||||||
- gradual growth.
|
- gradual growth.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 13. Finance and morality
|
### 13. Finance and morality
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Финансы и мораль
|
> Финансы и мораль
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Темы для развития
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
- ethical limits in business;
|
- ethical limits in business;
|
||||||
- responsibility of investors and corporations.
|
- responsibility of investors and corporations.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Примеры
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- sustainable investing;
|
- sustainable investing;
|
||||||
- exploitation of workers;
|
- exploitation of workers;
|
||||||
- environmental damage.
|
- environmental damage.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Unit 10 - Energy
|
## Unit 10 - Energy
|
||||||
![[Pasted image 20260521134207.png]]![[Pasted image 20260521134228.png]]![[Pasted image 20260521134238.png]]
|
![[Pasted image 20260521134207.png]]![[Pasted image 20260521134228.png]]![[Pasted image 20260521134238.png]]
|
||||||
|
![[Pasted image 20260521134256.png]]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 1. How can people save energy?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Как люди могут экономить энергию?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
- changing everyday habits;
|
||||||
|
- technology and energy efficiency.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
- public transport;
|
||||||
|
- recycling;
|
||||||
|
- reducing heating;
|
||||||
|
- turning appliances off.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 2. Energy crisis and the future
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Энергетический кризис и будущее
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
- growing energy demand;
|
||||||
|
- shortage of oil and gas.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
- rising fuel prices;
|
||||||
|
- increasing number of cars;
|
||||||
|
- global energy consumption.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3. Will the world run out of oil?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Закончится ли в мире нефть?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
- alternative energy sources;
|
||||||
|
- dependence on fossil fuels.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Возможные позиции
|
||||||
|
- technology will solve the problem;
|
||||||
|
- society is too dependent on oil.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 4. Renewable energy vs fossil fuels
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Возобновляемая энергия против ископаемого топлива
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
- environmental benefits;
|
||||||
|
- economic difficulties of transition.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
- solar power;
|
||||||
|
- wind energy;
|
||||||
|
- oil industry.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5. How will energy developments affect people?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Как изменения в энергетике повлияют на людей?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
- higher prices and lifestyle changes;
|
||||||
|
- cleaner technologies and better environment.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
- electric cars;
|
||||||
|
- public transport;
|
||||||
|
- energy-saving homes.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6. Environmental responsibility
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Экологическая ответственность
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
- individual responsibility;
|
||||||
|
- government and corporate responsibility.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
- recycling;
|
||||||
|
- reducing pollution;
|
||||||
|
- saving electricity.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 7. Everyday ways to reduce pollution
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Повседневные способы уменьшить загрязнение
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
- simple personal actions;
|
||||||
|
- whether small actions really help.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
- shorter showers;
|
||||||
|
- less car use;
|
||||||
|
- energy-efficient lighting.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 8. Approaches to solving problems
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Подходы к решению проблем
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
- strict rules vs flexible solutions;
|
||||||
|
- culture influences decision-making.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Возможные позиции
|
||||||
|
- rules are more important;
|
||||||
|
- relationships and context matter more.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 9. Cultural differences in problem-solving
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Культурные различия в решении проблем
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
- universalist cultures;
|
||||||
|
- particularist cultures.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
- following rules;
|
||||||
|
- adapting to situations;
|
||||||
|
- importance of personal relationships.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 10. How should managers solve workplace problems?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Как менеджеры должны решать проблемы на работе?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
- communication and teamwork;
|
||||||
|
- fast decisions vs careful analysis.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
- employee mistakes;
|
||||||
|
- technical problems;
|
||||||
|
- project delays.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 11. The future of transportation and energy
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Будущее транспорта и энергетики
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
- electric vehicles;
|
||||||
|
- reducing car dependence.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
- public transport;
|
||||||
|
- fuel prices;
|
||||||
|
- environmental impact.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 12. Is modern society too dependent on energy?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Современное общество слишком зависит от энергии?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
- technology cannot function without energy;
|
||||||
|
- society should reduce consumption.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
- transportation;
|
||||||
|
- electronics;
|
||||||
|
- industry.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 13. Climate change and energy consumption
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Изменение климата и потребление энергии
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Темы для развития
|
||||||
|
- fossil fuels accelerate global warming;
|
||||||
|
- economic growth increases energy demand.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Примеры
|
||||||
|
- pollution;
|
||||||
|
- rising temperatures;
|
||||||
|
- industrial growth.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Полезные обороты
|
## Полезные обороты
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Согласие
|
### Согласие
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- I agree to some extent.
|
- I agree to some extent.
|
||||||
- That's a good point.
|
- That's a good point.
|
||||||
- I understand your opinion.
|
- I understand your opinion.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Несогласие
|
### Несогласие
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- I'm not sure I agree.
|
- I'm not sure I agree.
|
||||||
- I see it differently.
|
- I see it differently.
|
||||||
- That may be true, but…
|
- That may be true, but…
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Выигрыш времени
|
### Выигрыш времени
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Let me think about that.
|
- Let me think about that.
|
||||||
- It depends on the situation.
|
- It depends on the situation.
|
||||||
- In my opinion…
|
- In my opinion…
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Для развития разговора
|
### Для развития разговора
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- What do you think?
|
- What do you think?
|
||||||
- Can you give an example?
|
- Can you give an example?
|
||||||
- Why do you think so?
|
- Why do you think so?
|
||||||
- Would that really work?
|
- Would that really work?
|
||||||
|
|||||||
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user